What is unpaid time off?

Employees typically only need to take unpaid time off after they’ve used up their paid time off. The duration of unpaid time off varies, depending on an employer’s unpaid time off policy. Many employers offer both unpaid and paid time off, though it depends on the employer.

How to ask for unpaid time off

Employees who’d like to take unpaid time off should check their employer’s handbook to familiarize themselves with the workplace’s policies. If their employer allows unpaid time off they should speak to their supervisor to make the initial request. Afterward, they should follow their employer’s normal process for formally requesting time off and ensure they get their request and approval in writing. 

Can an employer deny unpaid time off?  

If an employer doesn’t allow unpaid time off, they are within their right to deny an employee’s request. Offering and allowing unpaid time off is up to the discretion of employers. 

The exception is if a paid leave request falls under leave protected under the Family and Medical Leave Act, a federal labor law. Under the Family and Medical Leave Act, employers must allow employees to take job-protected unpaid leave following birth, adoption, or foster care placement, to care for critically ill family members, manage their own illness, or make arrangements following a family member’s military service.